The article presents comprehensive review of current and possible future applications of flexible ultrasonic waveguides in medicine and engineering. Issues of design, modelling and manufacturing of flexible waveguides are considered. The article also presents some results of the authors in this field, particularly modelling techniques developed for the design of flexible waveguides and ultrasonic technologies and equipment for ultrasonic thromboectomy, heating of frozen fuel and ultrasonic drilling of brittle materials. Novel technology for manufacturing flexible waveguides based on electrolytic-plasma machining is also described

A measuring complex for quantitative analysis of element contents and distributions of doping atoms in subsurface layers of crystals as well as in thin films by means of the registration of energy spectra of ions scattered to angles higher than π/2 has been designed and fabricated. The complex construction is based on a module-bloc principle. This complex includes microcontrollers which enables us to shorten elemental base of these devices. The measured energy resolution amounts to 1,3 %, energy width of one channel amounts to 281 eV, a range of registered energies amounts 37 to 281 keV, and method sensitivity amounts to 5x10¹⁴ at/cm² .

The problems of development as well as methods of construction of measuring devices of 3-mm wavelength range are examined, which allow to provide high degree of accuracy of frequency and power of an input signal measurement. The opportunity and expediency of using the frequency synthesizers, sub-harmonic mixers in heterodyne channel, and logarithmic amplifiers in modulation receiver are shown. The experimental parameters are shown as well as characteristics and parameters of major units of measuring device.

The work principle, the device, appointment and technical characteristics of the devices realizing a pulse method magnetic structurescopy with use of unprofitable converters is described. The created devices are a subject of export to the CIS countries and the far abroad, allow to provide a demanded degree of quality of let.

Schemes of high-aperture and compact optical spectrometers and giperspectrometer with minimized aberrations are presented. In the first scheme usage of inclined plane-parallel plate allows decreasing of astigmatism. In the second scheme off-axis aberrations are practically removed due to axial propagation of light. For giperspectrometer narrowing of light propagation angle through the object lens and turning the light out of dispersion plane lead to minimizing of picture aberrations.

We report on cavity-dumping of a semiconductor disk laser as a method to generate energetic wavelength-tunable nanosecond pulses with repetition rates ranging from 0.1 to 4MHz. Experimentally, emission of 24ns pulses with peak output power of 41W in a single beam output (and of 30ns with peak power of 57W in a combined beam output) with wavelength tuning from 1045–1080nm was obtained.

The lines of development of gas sensors having low power consumption have been considered in the article. The utilization of nanostructured alumina as sensor template allows obtaining thermocatalytic and semiconductor gas sensors with low power consumption.

In article factors influencing quality of the Earth image received with imaging spectrometers are presented: height of an orbit of a spacecraft, atmosphere, characteristics of the optical scheme, type of dispersive element and a photodetector. Results of study of influence of the optical system parameters of a video spectrometer of factors are presented taking into account requirements and restrictions brought by various links of an optoelectronic path of the device.

We report here on an error analysis which has been done in relation to zero-point drift problem in gravimeters and the problem of non-linear behavior of the transfer function, while the inverse transfer function does not change. Possible effects leading to these problems and some methods of canceling the corresponding errors are considered.

The experimental setup for thermooptic coefficients dn/dT measurements by a laser beam deviation method for the medium with linear thermal gradient was developed. By means of this approach, the dispersion of the dn/dT values in the optically biaxial potassium gadolinium tungstate crystal KGd(WO₄)₂ was investigated in the 0,4–1,06 μm spectral range for light polarized along the principal directions in the crystal.

The unsaturated absorption coefficients in pure CO₂ at the pressures 1 and 100 Torr and in CO₂:N₂  and CO₂:He binary gas mixtures at the pressure 100 Torr are measured in the 296-700K temperature range by a frequency-stabilized tunable CO₂ laser. The coefficient of Einstein A_mn, CO₂ self-broadening coefficient, the relative optical broadening coefficients in CO₂ due to the presence of foreign gases N₂ and He and its temperature dependences are obtained for the R22 line of CO₂ 10⁰0-00⁰1 transition.

Methods of materials local physics and mechanics properties estimation on the nanoscale are considered. The methods are realized on the base of AFM with surface mapping contrast, static and dynamics force spectroscopy and with the procedures of nanowear and oscillating microtribometry.

The possibility of the improvement of the gathering the reliable information about the directional survey measurements is considered. The gyros errors due to the free orientation of the gyro inclinometer and the axis angular difference with geographic meridian are estimated.

The article is devoted to development of the algorithm of correction of the person motion pattern by modification of distribution of involved muscles efforts on phases of movement by means of complex electroand mechanotherapy and the control of results on the basis of construction of the electromyography pattern of movement.

Metrological possibilities of a specialised measuring complex with which help electroluminescence spectra (EL) light-emitting diodes (LED) are received are studied. The analysis is carried out and forms of spectra of EL LED with a single quantum hole on the basis of model considering penetration into twodimensional active layer InGaN of electric field from barrier layers GaN adjoining to it and AlGaN are investigated. By means of the given model values of effective width of the forbidden zone, Fermi's level, parametre of a exponential tail of density of a condition are received.

Differences in visual perception of objects and their two-dimensional images are analyzed in this research paper. Mathematical functions are given – they allow quantitatively estimate difference between axial velocities image of object as function for spectator and observer. This difference is equal to zero by parameters, that are found.

The mathematical description of a tension for various types of lenses is executed. The algorithm of influence tangentially and radially directed forces on lenses of a various profile is made. The mathematical model of a tension few rigid lenses is developed

Recommendations of the General Conference of Measures and Weights (GCMW) for the NMI’s are considered in the paper. Recommendations are connected with the work connected with working out new definitions of main and subsidiary SI units. Comparison of existing definitions is provided as well as main tendencies in their development.

The results of joint activities of the BelGIM and the Institute of Physics of the NAS of Belarus on the construction and modernization of state standards of the physical units in optical radiometry, as well as the high accuracy measurement facilities for test the energy, temporal, spatial, spectral and polarization characteristics of laser equipments and calibration of devices for measuring the energy characteristics of laser radiation are presented.

The complex analysis of information gathering and analyzing system in the context of quality management system (QMS) is given for the case when quality data are presented in the form of expert judgments. The concept of the correct expert QM system is proposed. This concept helps to minimize unobvious but rather essential errors of effectiveness and efficiency indices estimation.

The article describes the use of modeling in measurements and control, which can be regarded as “metrological modeling” of the measurement objects, measuring process and measuring techniques in general. Metrological simulation allows to estimate the projected errors of measurement procedures and techniques to optimize the measuring control design stage.