Research of Surface Wear Resistance of Aluminum Alloy Modified with Minerals using Sclerometry Method

Improving the wear resistance of the surface of metal parts used in various industries is one of the relevant areas of materials science. The aim of this work was a comparative study of the wear resistance of a sample of an aluminum alloy (EN AW-2024, an aluminum alloy of the Al-Cu-Mg system) modified with ultrafine particles of minerals using the sclerometry method, which makes it possible to measure the physicomechanical properties of the material at the microscale, as well as determining some tribological parameters (hardness and elastic modulus) of a duralumin sample with a mineral coating.

Wear resistance was measured using a NanoScan-4D scanning hardness tester using the multi-cycle friction method using a sapphire sphere with control of the pressing force and the deepening of the tip into the sample. The use of such a measurement system is especially important when testing thin modified layers, when the layer thickness is comparable with the surface roughness parameters and the influence of the substrate is excluded.

The measurement results showed that the wear resistance of the surface of an aluminum alloy sample modified with ultrafine mineral particles increased by more than 12 times compared to the wear resistance of an aluminum alloy surface without modification. Also, measurements of the hardness and elastic modulus of the surface of the modified sample were performed taking into account the features of measuring the mechanical parameters of thin layers.

The obtained parameters of the modified surface of the aluminum alloy can be further used to build models of the processes of friction and wear of the surface modified by ultrafine particles of minerals. The lack of an acceptable explanation of the nature of the special properties of the surface modified by particles of minerals of natural origin does not exclude the use of the observed effects to significantly increase the resource of various parts and mechanisms.

1. Frank W.B., Haupin W.E., Vogt H., Bruno M., Thonstad J., Dawless R.K., Kvande H., Taiwo O.A. Aluminium in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2009, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a01_459.pub2

2. Light Metals 2016, The Minerals, Metals & Mate-rials Society, 2016, 1053 p. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119274780

3. Wan Y., Wang H., Zhang Y., Wang X., Li Y. Study on Anodic Oxidation and Sealing of Aluminum Alloy. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2018, vol. 13, pp. 2175-2185. https://doi.org/10.20964/2018.02.78

4. Kumar K., Davim J.P. Composites and Advanced Materials for Industrial Applications. Hershey, USA: IGI Global, 2018, 423 p.

5. Kala H., Mer K.K.S., Kumar S. A Review on Mechanical and Tribological Behaviors of Stir Cast Aluminum Matrix Composites. Procedia Materials Science, 2014, vol. 6, pp. 1951-1960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mspro.2014.07.229

6. Adebisi A.A., Maleque M.A., Rahman Md.M. Metal matrix composite brake rotor: historical development and product life cycle analysis. International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, 2011, vol. 4, pp. 471-480. https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.4.2011.8.0038

7. Khodabakhshi F., Simchi A., Kokabi A.H. Surface modifi of an aluminum-magnesium alloy through reactive stir friction processing with titanium oxide nanoparticles for enhanced sliding wear resistance. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2017, vol. 309, pp. 114-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.11.060

8. Montealegre M.A., Castro G., Rey P., Arias J.L., Vázquez P., Gonzál M. Surface Treatments by Laser Technology. Contemporary Materials, 2010, I−1, pp. 19- 30. https://doi.org/10.5767/anurs.cmat.100101.en.019M

9. Kislov S.V., Kislov V.G., Skazochkin A.V., Bondarenko G.G., Tikhonov A.N. Effective mineral coatings for hardening the surface of metallic materials. Russian Metallurgy (Metally), 2015, no. 7, pp. 558-564. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036029515070095

10. Skazochkin A.V., Useinov A.S., Kislov S.V. Surface hardening of titanium alloy by minerals. Letters on Materials, 2018, no. 8(1), pp. 81-87. https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2018-1-81-87

11. Skazochkin A., Bondarenko G., Kislov S. Research of Tribological Features of Steel Surface by Creating Mineral Coatings. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2018, vol. 11, iss. 6, pp. 138-143. https://doi.org/10.25103/jestr.116.17

12. Maslenikova I., Reshetov V.N., Useinov A.S. Mapping the Elastic Modulus of a Surface with a NanoScan 3D Scanning Microscope. Instruments and Experimental Techniques, 2015, vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 711-717. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020441215040223

13. Useinov A., Gogolinskiy K., Reshetov V. Mutual consistency of hardness testing at microand nanometer scales. Int. J. Mater. Res., 2009, vol. 100, pp. 968-972. https://doi.org/10.3139/146.110138

14. Bhushan B. Modern Tribology Handbook, Two Volume Set. USA, CRC Press Inc., 2000, 1760 p.

15. Panjkovic V. Friction and the Hot Rolling of Steel. New York, CRC Press Inc., 2014, p. 223.

16. ISO/TR 11811:2012 Nanotechnologies - Guidance on methods for nanoand microtribology measurements.