pimiПриборы и методы измеренийDevices and Methods of Measurements2220-95062414-0473BNTU10.21122/2220-9506-2020-11-3-212-221pimi-665Research ArticleМетоды измерений, контроля, диагностикиMethods of measurements, monitoring, diagnosticsОсобенности измерения твёрдости металлической поверхности, модифицированной ультрадисперсными частицами минераловFeatures of Measuring the Hardness of a Metal Surface Modified with Ultrafine Particles of MineralsСказочкинА. B.SkazochkinA. V.

 Адрес для переписки: А.В. Сказочкин. – Калужский филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы, ул. Окружная 4, стр. 3, Калуга 248030, Россия e-mail: avskaz@rambler.ru

Address for correspondence: A.V. Skazochkin. - Kaluga branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Okruzhnaya St., 4, building 3, Kaluga 248030, Russia e-mail: avskaz@rambler.ru

avskaz@rambler.ruБондаренкоГ. Г.BondarenkoG. G.

ул. Мясницкая, 20, Москва 101000

Myasnitskaya str., 20, Moscow 101000

ЖуковскийП.ŻukowskiP.

ул. Надбыстрицкая, 38А, Люблин 20-618

Nadbystrzycka str., 38a, Lublin 20-618

Калужский филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службыРоссияKaluga branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public AdministrationRussian FederationНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsRussian FederationЛюблинский технологический университетПольша3Lublin University of TechnologyPoland202022092020113212221Copyright © Сказочкин А.B., Бондаренко Г.Г., Жуковский П., 20202020Сказочкин А.B., Бондаренко Г.Г., Жуковский П.Skazochkin A.V., Bondarenko G.G., Żukowski P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/665

Одной из важных характеристик свойств поверхности металлических деталей, подвергающихся трению, является твёрдость. Измерения твёрдости важны для определения эксплуатационных характеристик деталей и контроле технологических режимов модификации поверхности. Однако измерения твёрдости тонких модифицированных слоёв, выполненные разными методами, могут приводить к различию результатов измерений. Целью данной работы являлось исследование твёрдости поверхности металла, модифицированной ультрадисперсными частицами минералов, двумя различными методами (инструментального индентирования и измерения твёрдости по Виккерсу) и сравнительный анализ результатов измерений, полученных этими методами.

Стандартные измерения твёрдости по Виккерсу при нагрузках 0,025, 0,1 и 0,5 кгс показали качественное отличие значений твёрдости двух образцов, модифицированных разными смесями ультрадисперсных частиц минералов и большую неоднородность значений твёрдости по площади. Методом инструментальной твёрдости выполнены стандартные измерения без предварительного выбора места индентирования (при нагрузке 1,05 Н) и измерения при индентировании в ровные участки (при малых нагрузках 10 мН).

Отмечено, что высокая прецизионность измерений, реализуемая методом инструментального индентирования, из-за большой шероховатости образцов приводит к большим значениям погрешности при расчёте результатов измерений. Дополнительную разницу результатов измерений, выполненных двумя методами на малых глубинах индентирования, может вносить то, что исследуемый объект имеет сложную структуру, состоящую из матрицы металла и частиц, распределённых по глубине образца. Возможный выход из ситуации заключается в переходе от использования мер твёрдости при калибровке приборов к стандартным образцам свойств, для которых будет обеспечено постоянство механических свойств в измеряемом диапазоне глубин индентирования, но которые пока отсутствуют в исследовательской практике. Поэтому в настоящее время при проведении работ, связанных с поиском оптимальных условий получения тонких износостойких слоёв на поверхности металлов, модифицированных ультрадисперсными частицами минералов, рекомендуются сравнительные измерения, выполненные одним методом измерения.

One of the important characteristics of the surface properties of metal parts subjected to friction is hardness. Hardness measurements are important for determining the operational characteristics of parts and monitoring the technological regimes of surface modification. However, hardness measurements of thin modified layers made by different methods can lead to differences in measurement results. The aim of the article was to study the hardness of a metal surface modified with ultrafine particles of minerals by two different methods (instrumental indentation and Vickers hardness measurement) and a comparative analysis of the measurement results obtained by these methods.

Standard Vickers hardness measurements at loads of 0.025, 0.1 and 0.5 kgf showed a qualitative difference between the hardness values of the two samples modified with different mixtures of ultrafine particles of minerals and a large heterogeneity of the hardness values over the area. By the method of instrumental hardness, standard measurements were performed without preliminary selection of the indentation site (at a load of 1.05 N) and measurements during indentation into even sections (at low loads of 10 mN).

It is noted that the high precision of measurements implemented by instrumental indentation, due to the large roughness of the samples, leads to large values of the error in calculating the measurement results. An additional difference in the results of measurements performed by two methods at shallow indentation depths may be due to the fact that the object under study has a complex structure consisting of a metal matrix and particles distributed over the depth of the sample. A possible way out of the situation lies in the transition from the use of hardness measures when calibrating instruments to standard samples of properties for which the constancy of mechanical properties in the measured range of indentation depths will be ensured, but which are not yet available in research practice. Therefore, at present, when carrying out work related to the search for optimal conditions for obtaining thin wear-resistant layers on the surface of metals modified with ultrafine particles of minerals, comparative measurements performed by one measurement method are recommended.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.