pimiПриборы и методы измеренийDevices and Methods of Measurements2220-95062414-0473BNTU10.21122/2220-9506-2020-11-3-204-211pimi-664Research ArticleМетоды измерений, контроля, диагностикиMethods of measurements, monitoring, diagnosticsОпределение расходных характеристик в технологических процессах с контролируемым давлениемDetermination of Flow Characteristics in Technological Processes with Controlled PressureРедерТ.ReaderT.

ул. Студенческая, 7, г. Ижевск 426063

Studencheskaya str., 7, Izhevsk 426069

ТененевВ. А.TenenevV. A.

ул. Студенческая, 7, г. Ижевск 426063

Studencheskaya str., 7, Izhevsk 426069

ЧерноваА. В.ChernovaA. A.

 Адрес для переписки: А.А. Чернова – Ижевский государственный технический университет, ул. Студенческая, 7, г. Ижевск 426063, Россия e-mail: alicaaa@gmail.com

Address for correspondence: А.А. Chernova – Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Studencheskaya str., 7, Izhevsk 426069, Russia

e-mail: alicaaa@gmail.com

alicaaa@gmail.comИжевский государственный технический университет имени М.Т. КалашниковаРоссияKalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical UniversityRussian Federation202022092020113204211Copyright © Редер Т., Тененев В.А., Чернова А.В., 20202020Редер Т., Тененев В.А., Чернова А.В.Reader T., Tenenev V.A., Chernova A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/664

Оценка экологичности и экономичности работы предохранительного клапана требует информации о расходе вещества через клапан при его срабатывании. Целью данной работы являлось определение величины расхода сбрасываемого вещества и массовой скорости поступления вещества в предохранительный клапан при его срабатывании.

Для описания процессов, протекающих в клапане, предложена математическая модель, включающая систему дифференциальных уравнений, описывающих физические законы сохранения во внутреннем объёме клапана и дифференциальные уравнения, связывающие величину расхода газа через клапан с давлением и величиной перемещения запорного диска. Для решения газодинамических уравнений применялся модифицированный метод С.К. Годунова.

Установлено, что определение расходной и силовой характеристик клапана требует предварительного построения математической модели функционирования предохранительного клапана. На основании чего предложена методика определения величины расхода сбрасываемого вещества и массовой скорости поступления вещества в предохранительный клапан при его срабатывании.

Получены расходные характеристики рассматриваемых клапанов и динамика перемещения запорного диска клапана, а также зависимость изменения давления от времени открытия клапана. Сопоставление расчётных значений с имеющимися экспериментальными данными даёт хорошее совпадение (не более 5,6 % для расхода газа, менее 10 % для перемещения клапана и изменения прихода газа во времени при среднеквадратичных отклонениях функции расходных характеристик 0,6 %) результатов, подтверждает корректность сформулированной математической модели, используемых численных схем и алгоритмов, предложенной методики и возможность восстановления прихода газа по кривой давление – время.

Assessment of the environmental and economic performance of a safety valve requires information about the flow of the substance through the valve when it is actuated. The goal of this paper was to determine the flow rate of the discharged substance and the mass flow rate of the substance entering the safety valve when it is actuated.

Proposed a mathematical model to describe the processes occurring in the valve. The model includes a system of differential equations describing the physical laws of conservation in the internal volume of the valve and differential equations, which link the value of gas flow through the valve with the pressure and the amount of movement of the shut-off disk. Used a modified method by S.K. Godunov to solve gasdynamic equations.

Established that the determination of the flow and power characteristics of the valve requires the preliminary construction of a mathematical model of the safety valve operation. Based on this, proposed a method for determining the flow rate of the discharged substance and the mass rate of the substance entering the safety valve when it is actuated.

Obtained the flow characteristics of the valves under review and the dynamics of movement of the shutoff disc of the valve, as well as the dependence of the pressure change on the opening time of the valve. Comparison of the calculated values with available experimental data gives good agreement of results (no more than 5.6 % for a gas flow rate, under 10 % for the movement of the valve and change the arrival of gas in time using the standard deviation function of the flow characteristics of 0.6 %), confirms the correctness of the defined mathematical model, used numerical schemes and algorithms, as well as the proposed method and recoverability of the arrival of gas in a pressure–time curve.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.