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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pimi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Приборы и методы измерений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Devices and Methods of Measurements</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-9506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2220-9506-2020-11-1-69-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pimi-640</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Методы измерений, контроля, диагностики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Methods of measurements, monitoring, diagnostics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности применения комбинированного подхода к оцениванию неопределённости результатов измерений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of Аpplication of a Сombined Аpproach to the Еvaluation of the Мeasurement Results Uncertainty</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серенков</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serenkov</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки:  П.С. Серенков – Белорусский национальный технический университет, пр-т Независимости, 65, г. Минск 220013, Беларусь.   e-mail: pavelserenkov@bntu.by</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence: P.S. Serenkov – Belarusian National Technical University, Nezavisimosty Ave., 65, Minsk 220013, Belarus e-mail: pavelserenkov@bntu.by</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavelserenkov@bntu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуревич</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hurevich</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старовиленский тракт, 93, г. Минск 220053</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Starovilensky trakt, 93, Minsk 220053</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толочко</surname><given-names>Т. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Тоlochko</surname><given-names>Т. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старовиленский тракт, 93, г. Минск 220053</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Starovilensky trakt, 93, Minsk 220053</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian National Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный институт метрологии</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Institute of Metrology</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Серенков П.С., Гуревич В.Л., Толочко Т.К., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Серенков П.С., Гуревич В.Л., Толочко Т.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Serenkov P.S., Hurevich V.L., Тоlochko Т.К.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/640">https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/640</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрены особенности эффективного применения комбинированного подхода к оцениванию неопределённости результатов измерений. Целью данной работы являлось обоснование и развитие новых наукоёмких подходов по достижению максимальной эффективности измерений по критерию «точность/трудоёмкость» при заданной степени доверия.</p><p>Теоретически обоснована корректность комбинированного подхода к оцениванию неопределённости результатов измерений. Предложено процесс измерения условно делить на фрагменты – объекты комбинирования, каждый из которых следует рассматривать как самостоятельный элемент оценивания. Установлено, что объекты комбинирования могут быть сформированы путём группирования либо отдельных компонентов (ресурсов) процесса измерений, либо отдельных этапов процесса измерений.</p><p>Корректность такого подхода обоснована применением «ресурсного» и «процессного» подходов к идентификации влияющих на неопределённость результата измерений. Приведены рекомендации по выбору модельного или эмпирического подходов для оценивания частных вкладов объектов комбинирования различного типа в суммарную неопределённость конечного результата измерений. Для повышения достоверности эмпирического подхода сформулирован критерий достаточности исследования неопределённости метода измерений. Оценивание суммарной неопределённости конечного результата измерений рекомендовано производить путём комплексирования оценок частных суммарных неопределённостей результатов всех фрагментов по закону распространения неопределённостей.</p><p>Выделены два типичных случая эффективного применения комбинированного подхода к оцениванию неопределённости результатов измерений: метод прямых измерений и метод косвенных измерений. Рассмотрены особенности эффективного применения комбинированного подхода для обеих ситуаций на конкретных примерах. Особое внимание уделено применению комбинированного подхода для оценивания неопределённости результатов испытаний. В отличие от процесса измерений, реализуемого в нормальных условиях, в процесс испытаний вовлечены дополнительные факторы внешних воздействий, определённые условиями испытаний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article exposes description of features of the combined approach application to the evaluation of measurement results uncertainty. The aim of this work is the justification and development of new science-driven approaches to achieve maximum efficacy of measurements on the criteria "accuracy/costs" at the stated level of confidence.</p><p>It provides theoretical base for correctness of combined approach to assess measurement results uncertainty. There is proposition to conventionally divide measurement process into fragments – combining objects, each from shall be considered as individual element for evaluation. It is well known that combining objects can be formed by grouping individual components (resources) of the measurement process either via separate stages of the measurement process.</p><p>Correctness of such approach is based on the application of "resource" and "process" approaches as regards identification of the factors that affect the measurement results uncertainty. This article provides recommendations on selection of model or empiric approach for evaluating of particular contributions from combining objects of different types into total uncertainty of the final measurement result. In order to improve the validity of empiric approach of the criteria of sufficiency of measurement method uncertainty examination was formulated. It is recommended to evaluate the total uncertainty of the final measurement result by complexation of evaluations of particular total uncertainty of the results for all fragments according to the uncertainties distribution law.</p><p>It is determined two typical cases of effective application of the combined approach to evaluation of measurement results uncertainty: method of direct measurements and method of indirect measurements. This article considers features of effective application of the combined approach for both situations providing corresponding examples. Special attention is paid to the application of the combined approach to assessing the test results uncertainty. As distinct from the measurement process realized under normal conditions, testing process includes additional external influence factors that are determined by test conditions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неопределённость результата измерений</kwd><kwd>комбинированный подход к оцениванию</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>measurement results uncertainty</kwd><kwd>combined approach to assessment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Efremova N.Y. [Measurement uncertainty. Creation, current state and perspectives for uncertainty concept development]. Metrologiya i priborostroenie [Metrology and instrument making], 2016, no. 3, pp. 7‒17 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Efremova N.Y. [Measurement uncertainty. Creation, current state and perspectives for uncertainty concept development]. 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