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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pimi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Приборы и методы измерений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Devices and Methods of Measurements</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-9506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2220-9506-2020-11-1-15-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pimi-635</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Средства измерений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Measuring instruments</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Афокальные зеркальные системы с малыми осевыми габаритами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Afocal Mirror Systems with Small Axial Dimensions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артюхина</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artioukhina</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки:  Н.К. Артюхина – Белорусский национальный технический университет, пр-т Независимости, 65, г. Минск 220013, Беларусь/    e-mail: art49@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence: N.K. Artioukhina  Belarusian National Technical University, Nezavisimosty Ave., 65, Minsk 220013, Belarus.    e-mail: art49@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">art49@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пероса</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peroza</surname><given-names>L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пр-т Лос Процерес, сектор Ла Педрегоса, корпус 4, г. Мерида 5101, Венесуэла</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Los Proceres Ave, sector La Pedregosa, housing 4, Merida 5101, Venezuela</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian National Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет; &#13;
Национальный центр оптических технологий</institution><country>Венесуэла</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian National Technical University; &#13;
National Center of Optical Technologies</institution><country>Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Артюхина Н.К., Пероса Л., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Артюхина Н.К., Пероса Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Artioukhina N.K., Peroza L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/635">https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/635</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящие время проблема поиска и проектирования новых схемных решений зеркальных систем, включая афокальные, остается актуальной. Широкое применение зеркальных систем в астрономии, спектральных приборах, лазерном оборудовании и других приложениях обусловлено некоторыми их достоинствами: высоким разрешением в широком спектральном диапазоне, отсутствием дефектов изображения, возникающих из-за хроматических аберраций и ограничений по апертуре, связанных с размерами заготовок, выигрыш по весу. Целью данной работы являлось создание компактных афокальных зеркальных систем с малыми осевыми габаритами.</p><p>Представлены схемы конструкций афокальных зеркальных систем из трех параболических зеркал с малыми осевыми габаритами. Проведено исследование афокальных систем, в которых относительное отверстие первичного зеркала, определяющее диаметр апертурной диафрагмы, оптимизировано с целью создания более компактной системы.</p><p>Предложен алгоритм параметрического расчета новых композиций с коррекцией кривизны изображения. Дана сводка формул основных конструктивных параметров системы, и рассчитаны различные варианты конструктивного решения для углового поля зрения 2ω = 20ˈ, диаметров входного зрачка D = 35 мм и D = 70 мм.</p><p>Проведено численное моделирование в программных средах Opal, Zemax и Code V. Разработанные системы имеют хорошие коррекционные возможности для заданных оптических характеристик: в диаграммах волнового фронта значения величин радиального размера пятна рассеяния не превышают 1,35 мкм; радиус GEO (величина расстояния от опорной точки) – 0,105 мкм; вместе со значениями размера диска Эйри около 9,16 мкм, карта волнового фронта на плоскости изображения показывает информацию о среднеквадратичной ошибке. Все это указывает на то, что изображения близки к дифракционным.</p><p>Рассчитанные системы могут быть успешно применены в составных зеркальных системах в качестве насадок к регистрирующим объективам, работающим в различных областях спектра (особенно в ИК диапазоне), а также в системах с синтезированной апертурой.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The searching and designing new solutions for mirror systems, including afocal ones, has been studied for decades. In the design, it has always been difficult to combine optimization and cost. Nowadays, the problem remains relevant. The widespread use of mirror systems is due to some aspects: thermal stability, high resolution in a wide spectral range, and the absence of image defects due to chromatic aberrations. All this provides superior performance compared to lens systems. The purpose of this paper is the design of two compact afocal mirror systems with small axial dimensions.</p><p>Schemes of afocal three mirror systems with small axial dimensions are presented. The schemes can also be called compacts. A study was made of systems in which the diameter of the aperture diaphragm in the primary mirror is modified, which leads to a more compact system.</p><p>A calculation algorithm of new the systems is proposed, with correction of the image curvature. A summary of formulas of the main parameters of the system is given, and various design solutions are calculated for angular field of view 2ω = 20ˈ and diameter of the entrance pupil D = 35 and D = 70 mm.</p><p>Computer simulations were performed in the Opal, Zemax, and Code V software. The designed systems have good correction of aberrations for the given characteristics: in the spot diagrams, the values of the RMS scatter spot do not exceed 1,35 μm; GEO radius (distance from the reference point) – 0.105 μm; together with Airy disk sizes of about 9.16 μm, indicating that the images are close to diffraction.</p><p>The calculated systems can be successfully applied as part of a more complex system, as well as in systems with a synthesized aperture.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mirror systems</kwd><kwd>afocal systems</kwd><kwd>compact systems</kwd><kwd>calculation optics</kwd><kwd>image quality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hutson J. [Afocal catoptric optical concentrator]. Pat. 0378140 USA, МКИ G02B 17/00. United States Patent. – 31/12.2015/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hutson J. 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