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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pimi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Приборы и методы измерений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Devices and Methods of Measurements</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-9506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2220-9506-2018-9-4-280-287</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pimi-401</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Средства измерений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Measuring instruments</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Орбитальный телескоп с синтезированной апертурой для аппаратуры дистанционного зондирования Земли</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Synthetic Aperture Orbital Telescope for Earth Remote Sensing Equipment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожевников</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhevnikov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки: Кожевников Д.А. – Белорусский национальный технический университет, пр-т Независимости, 65, г. Минск 220013, Беларусь.    e-mail: dmkz.1408@gmail.com; feod@tut.by</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence: Kozhevnikov D.A. – Belarusian National Technical University, Nezavisimosty Ave., 65, Minsk 220013, Belarus.     e-mail: dmkz.1408@gmail.com; feod@tut.by</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmkz.1408@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фёдорцев</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fiodоrtsev</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Силие</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Silie</surname><given-names>A. R</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian National Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет; &#13;
Национальный центр оптических технологий</institution><country>Венесуэла</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian National Technical University; &#13;
National Center of Optical Technologies</institution><country>Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>280</fpage><lpage>287</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кожевников Д.А., Фёдорцев Р.В., Силие А.Р., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кожевников Д.А., Фёдорцев Р.В., Силие А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kozhevnikov D.A., Fiodоrtsev R.V., Silie A.r.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/401">https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/401</self-uri><abstract><p>Объектом исследования являлась разработка метода апертурного синтеза зеркальной системы, предназначенной для дистанционного зондирования Земли.</p><p>Проведен анализ существующих методов формирования синтезированной апертуры, оценена их точность, стоимостные, а также массогабаритные характеристики. Представлен новый вариант оптической системы зеркального объектива с синтезированной апертурой и выполнена его оптимизация в программном пакете Zemax. Произведена оценка точности спроектированной системы, разработан вариант конструкции, включающий механизм трансформации при выводе телескопа на околоземную орбиту.</p><p>В результате исследования определены конструктивные параметры базового объектива: фокусное расстояние 13 м, диаметр главного зеркала 800 мм, угол поля зрения 0,25° для модификации телескопа для низкой орбиты; и всего телескопа в целом: отставание от главной оси телескопа 1,2 м, угол поворота плоского зеркала для совмещения изображений (45 + 1,5)°, отношение сигнал/шум (189 на низкой орбите с углом Солнца 0°, 15 на геостационарной орбите с углом Солнца 60°).</p><p>Установлено, что использование технологии апертурного синтеза позволяет разрабатывать оптико-электронные системы высокого разрешения с меньшими затратами на производство и эксплуатацию по сравнения с классическими методами формирования поверхности главного зеркала. В ходе проведения моделирования была определена неустойчивость значений частотно-контрастной характеристики при увеличении угла поля зрения, что актуально для низкой околоземной орбиты, а также установлено требование по ошибкам позиционирования элементов оптической системы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The object of the research is the development of the method of aperture synthesis of a mirror system designed for remote sensing of the Earth.</p><p>The analysis of existing methods for the formation of the synthesized aperture was carried out, their accuracy, cost, and mass-dimensional characteristics were evaluated. A new version of the optical system of the synthetic aperture mirror lens is presented and its optimization is performed in the Zemax software package. An estimate of the accuracy of the designed system has been made; a design variant has been developed that includes a transformation mechanism when the telescope is put into near-earth orbit.</p><p>As a result of the study, the design parameters of the base lens were determined: a focal length of 13 m, a main mirror diameter of 800 mm, a field angle of 0.25° for modifying a telescope for a low orbit; and the entire telescope as a whole: the lag from the main axis of the telescope is 1.2 m, the angle of rotation of the flat mirror for combining images (45 + 1,5)°, the signal-to-noise ratio (189 in a low orbit with an angle of the Sun 0°, 15 in the geostationary orbit with a sun angle of 60°).</p><p>It has been established that the use of aperture synthesis technology allows the development of highresolution optical-electronic systems with lower production and operation costs compared with classical methods for forming the surface of the main mirror. In the course of the simulation, the instability of the values of the frequency-contrast characteristic with increasing angle of view was determined, which is important for a low near-earth orbit, and the requirement for positioning elements of the optical system was established.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>орбитальный телескоп</kwd><kwd>зеркало</kwd><kwd>синтезированная апертура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>orbital telescope</kwd><kwd>mirror</kwd><kwd>synthesized aperture</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharing Earth Observation Resources. eoPortal Directory. Satellite Missions. European Space Agency. ESA 2000-2018. Available at: https://earth.esa.int/web/eoportal/satellite-missions</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharing Earth Observation Resources. eoPortal Directory. Satellite Missions. 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