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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pimi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Приборы и методы измерений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Devices and Methods of Measurements</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-9506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2220-9506-2018-9-3-243-253</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pimi-389</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Методы измерений, контроля, диагностики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Methods of measurements, monitoring, diagnostics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение метода дифракции обратно рассеянных электронов в исследованиях микроструктуры при определении причин разрушения металлических конструкций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of the electron backscateered diffraction method in microstructure research for determining of causes of metal structures destruction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Л. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коледа</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koleda</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колодинская</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolodinskaya</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки: Колодинская Н.С. – Институт порошковой металлургии Национальной академии наук Беларуси, ул. Платонова, 41, г. Минск 220005.    E-mail: iscentr@tut.by</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence: Kolodinskaya N.S. – Powder Metallurgy Institute of the National Academy of Science of Belarus, Platonov str., 41, Minsk 220005, Belarus    e-mail: iscentr@tut.by</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iscentr@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт порошковой металлургии Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Powder Metallurgy Institute of the National Academy of Science of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>243</fpage><lpage>253</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маркова Л.B., Коледа В.В., Колодинская Н.С., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маркова Л.B., Коледа В.В., Колодинская Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markova L.V., Koleda V.V., Kolodinskaya N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/389">https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/389</self-uri><abstract><p>Применение метода дифракции обратно рассеянных электронов позволяет по-новому взглянуть на структурные изменения материала в целом и на процессы разрушения металлических конструкций в частности. Целью данной работы являлось применение метода дифракции обратно рассеянных электронов для выявления характерных отличительных особенностей строения материала на участках под изломом и вдали от него.</p><p>Дифракция обратно рассеянных электронов является методом, который позволяет определить ориентировки индивидуальных зерен, локальную текстуру, а также идентифицировать фазы в исследуемом образце. Этим методом можно определить локальные и общие деформации, количество рекристаллизованных и деформированных зерен, размер и разориентацию зерен и др.</p><p>Представлены результаты исследования фрагмента мачты агрегата для бурения и ремонта скважин грузоподъемностью 200 т (АРС-200) с установлением характерных структурных различий между участками под изломом и вдали от него.</p><p>Установлено появление и развитие субзеренной структуры на участке под изломом. Показано, что материал мачты изготавливался из проката, для которого не проводили дополнительной термообработки, и разрушение могло произойти практически в любой точке.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The application of the diffraction method for backscattered electrons allows us to take a fresh look at the structural changes in the material as a whole and on the processes of destruction of metal structures in particular. The aim of this work was to apply the method of diffraction of backscattered electrons to reveal the characteristic distinctive features of the structure of the material in areas under the fracture and away from it.</p><p>The diffraction of backscattered electrons is a method that allows one to determine the orientation of individual grains, the local texture, and also to identify the phases in the sample under research. This method can determine local and general deformations, the number of recrystallized and deformed grains, the size and misorientation of grains, etc.</p><p>The results of a study of the mast fragment of the unit for drilling and repairing wells with a carrying capacity of 200 tons (APC-200) are presented with the establishment of characteristic structural differences between the sites under the fracture and away from it.</p><p>The appearance and development of a subgrain structure at the site under the slope is established. It is shown that the material of the mast was made of rolled metal, for which no additional heat treatment was carried out, and destruction could occur at almost any point.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сканирующий электронный микроскоп</kwd><kwd>дифракция обратнорассеянных электронов</kwd><kwd>разориентация границ зерен</kwd><kwd>углы Эйлера</kwd><kwd>прямые и обратные полюсные фигуры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>scanning electronic microscope</kwd><kwd>diffraction of backscattered electrons</kwd><kwd>differentiation of borders of grain</kwd><kwd>Eyler’s corners</kwd><kwd>direct and reverse pole figures</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Атлас производственных разрушений различных конструкций / А.Ф. 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