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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pimi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Приборы и методы измерений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Devices and Methods of Measurements</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-9506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2220-9506-2018-9-3-227-233</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pimi-387</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Методы измерений, контроля, диагностики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Methods of measurements, monitoring, diagnostics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Моделирование распыления поверхности катода ионами и быстрыми атомами в таунсендовском разряде в смеси аргон-ртуть с зависящим от температуры составом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Simulation of cathode surface sputtering by ions and fast atoms in Townsend discharge in argon-mercury mixture with temperature-dependent composition</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондаренко</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarenko</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кристя</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kristya</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки: Кристя В.И. – Московский государственный технический университет имени Н.Э. Баумана, Калужский филиал, ул. Баженова, 2, г. Калуга 248000.    e-mail: kristya@bmstu-kaluga.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence: Kristya V.I. – Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Kaluga Branch, Bazhenov str., 2, Kaluga 248000, Russia     e-mail: kristya@bmstu-kaluga.ru</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kristya@bmstu-kaluga.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савичкин</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savichkin</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуковский</surname><given-names>П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Żukowski</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный технический университет им. Н.Э. Баумана, Калужский филиал</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Kaluga Branch</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Люблинский технологический университет</institution><country>Польша</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lublin University of Technology</institution><country>Poland</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>227</fpage><lpage>233</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бондаренко Г.Г., Кристя В.И., Савичкин Д.О., Жуковский П., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бондаренко Г.Г., Кристя В.И., Савичкин Д.О., Жуковский П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bondarenko G.G., Kristya V.I., Savichkin D.O., Żukowski P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/387">https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/387</self-uri><abstract><p>Смесь аргона и паров ртути используется в качестве рабочего газа в различных типах газоразрядных осветительных ламп. Целью данной работы являлось построение модели, описывающей перенос электронов, ионов и быстрых атомов в слаботочном разряде в смеси аргон-ртуть, а также определение зависимости их вкладов в распыление катода, ограничивающее срок службы прибора, от температуры. Для моделирования движения электронов мы применяли метод статистического моделирования Монте-Карло. Перенос ионов и возбужденных атомов с целью сокращения затрат расчетного времени описывали на основе макроскопических уравнений, что позволило найти плотности их потоков у поверхности катода. Затем с использованием метода Монте-Карло находили энергетические спектры ионов и быстрых атомов, образующихся при столкновениях ионов с атомами смеси, у поверхности катода, а также эффективные коэффициенты распыления катода каждым типом частиц.</p><p>Расчеты показали, что плотности потоков ионов аргона и быстрых атомов аргона, возникающих при столкновениях ионов аргона с медленными атомами аргона, не зависят от температуры, в то время как плотности потоков ионов ртути и быстрых атомов аргона, образуемых ими, быстро возрастают при увеличении температуры вследствие увеличения содержания ртути в смеси.</p><p>Представлены результаты моделирования энергетических спектров ионов и быстрых атомов у поверхности катода. Они демонстрируют, что при малом содержании атомов ртути в смеси порядка 10−3 распыление катода происходит, главным образом, ионами ртути, так как их энергии существенно превосходят энергии других типов частиц, причем их вклад в распыление уменьшается со снижением температуры смеси.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The mixture of argon and mercury vapor is used as the background gas in different types of gas discharge illuminating lamps. The aim of this work was development of a model, describing transport of electrons, ions and fast atoms in the one-dimensional low-current gas discharge in argon-mercury mixture, and determination of the dependence of their contributions to the cathode sputtering, limiting the device service time, on the temperature.</p><p>For simulation of motion of electrons we used the Monte Carlo method of statistical modeling, whereas the ion and metastable excited atom motion, in order to reduce the calculation time, we described on the basis of their macroscopic transport equations, which allowed to obtain their flow densities at the cathode surface. Then, using the Monte Carlo method, we found the energy spectra of ions and fast atoms, generated in collisions of ions with mixture atoms, at the cathode surface and also the effective coefficients of the cathode sputtering by each type of particles.</p><p>Calculations showed that the flow densities of argon ions and fast argon atoms, produced in collisions of argon ions with slow argon atoms, do not depend on the temperature, while the flow densities of mercury ions and fast argon atoms generated by them grow rapidly with the temperature due to an increase of mercury content in the mixture.</p><p>There are represented results of modeling of the energy spectra of ions and fast atoms at the cathode surface. They demonstrate that at low mercury content in the mixture of the order of 10–3 the energies of mercury ions exceed that of the other types of particles, so that the cathode is sputtered mainly by mercury ions, and their contribution to sputtering is reduced at a mixture temperature decrease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>газоразрядная осветительная лампа</kwd><kwd>слаботочный разряд</kwd><kwd>смесь аргон–ртуть</kwd><kwd>энергетические спектры ионов и атомов</kwd><kwd>распыление катода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gas discharge lamp</kwd><kwd>low-current discharge</kwd><kwd>argon-mercury mixture</kwd><kwd>ion and atom energy spectra</kwd><kwd>cathode sputtering</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Samukawa S., Hori M., Rauf S., Tachibana K., Bruggeman P., Kroesen G., Whitehead J.C., Murphy A.B., Gutsol A.F., Starikovskaia S., Kortshagen U., Boeuf J.-P., Sommerer T.J., Kushner M.J., Czarnetzki U., Mason N. 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