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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pimi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Приборы и методы измерений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Devices and Methods of Measurements</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-9506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2220-9506-2016-7-3-124-125</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pimi-272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Методы измерений, контроля, диагностики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Methods of measurements, monitoring, diagnostics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ ДЕФЕКТОВ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИМПУЛЬСНО-ЛАЗЕРНОГО ВОЗБУЖДЕНИЯ УПРУГИХ ВОЛН</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PECULIARITIES OF THE SURFACE FLAW DETECTION BY ELASTIC WAVES SIMULATED BY PULSE-LASER RADIATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баев</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bаеv</surname><given-names>А. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки: Баев А.Р. – Институт прикладной физики НАН Беларуси, ул. Академическая, 16, 220072, г. Минск, Беларусь   e-mail: baev@iaph.bas-net.by</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baev@iaph.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митьковец</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Мitkovets</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костюк</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Коstiuk</surname><given-names>D. A</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>Г. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт прикладной физики НАН Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Applied Physics of the NAS of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики НАН Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Physics of the NAS of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Брестский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Brest State Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>286</fpage><lpage>295</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баев А.Р., Митьковец А.И., Костюк Д.А., Коновалов Г.Е., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баев А.Р., Митьковец А.И., Костюк Д.А., Коновалов Г.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bаеv А.R., Мitkovets A.I., Коstiuk D.A., Konovalov G.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/272">https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/272</self-uri><abstract><p>Использование импульсно-лазерного возбуждения поверхностных волн и приема их пьезоэлектрическими контактными преобразователями перспективно для обнаружения поверхностных дефектов. Цель данной работы состояла в выявлении оптимальных условий обнаружения реальных усталостных трещин микронных размеров и поверхностных пор при пересечении движущимся пятном лазерного луча дефектной области. Объектом исследований служили металлические образцы с шириной раскрытия устья усталостных трещин от 8 до 0,5 мкм и глубиной от 400–500 мкм до приблизительно 200 мкм. Цилиндрическое отверстии диаметром 1 мм использовалось в качестве модели поры. Экспериментальная установка для исследований содержит источник импульсно-лазерного излучения с длиной волны 1,06 мкм и длительностью приблизительно 20 нс. На выходе лазера установлено устройство регулирования размеров пятна лазерного луча в виде длинной полосы и круга. Акустические сигналы, возбуждаемые в результате термического нагрева поверхности образца лазерным импульсом, принимались наклонным преобразователем с рабочей частотой 2,7 МГц. Далее сигнал для обработки поступал на осциллоскоп «Spectronic» TDS 3052В. Изучены закономерности изменения амплитуды и формы импульсов акустических волн в зависимости от координаты положения и геометрии пятна лазерного луча. Установлено, что оптимальные условия выявления дефектов по амплитудному признаку имеют место при пересечении пятном лазерного луча как трещины, так и поры. В первом случае рост амплитуды сигнала составил 7–8 раз, что характерно для резонансного режима возбуждения волн. При этом отношение ширины пятна луча в виде длинной полосы к длине волны составило приблизительно 1,8–2,2 раза. Если же трещина имеет малое раскрытие (приблизительно 0,5 мкм), то наиболее информативным параметром является спектр акустического импульса или его форма – вступительная часть импульса. Таким образом, результаты исследований позволяют предложить новые возможности повышения надежности и чувствительности выявления поверхностных дефектов путем оптимизации геометрических параметров движущегося лазерного луча. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Laser pulse simulation of the surface waves and its receiving by contact piezoelectric probes is perspective direction to detect surface defects. The aim of this work was to determine optimal conditions for detection of the real fatigue cracks of nearly microns width and surface pores by moving depending on the position of the center of a laser beam laser beam spot. The objects of research were metal specimens with crack’s width of 8 m up to 0,5 mm and depth ≈ 400– 500 mm up to ≈ 200 mm. Cylindrical hole by ≈ 1 mm diameter used as a model pore. An experimental installation used consisted of the pulse laser light emission source with laser wavelength of 1.06 m and laser pulse duration of ≈ 20 ns. An arrangement to adjust the laser beam spot geometry in the form of a long strip and a circle was applied. Surface waves were received by the 2.7 MHz frequency probe, and processed with use of a «Spectronic» TDS 3052B oscilloscope. The laws of acoustical signal amplitude and its form changes vs. the laser beam spot geometry and its position in regard to defect were determined. We discovered that optimal conditions for flaw detection took place when the laser beam spot moving trough the defect’s range – crack and pore. In the first case amplitude growth of the signal was up to 7–8 time – like as resonance conditions realized. And the ratio of the laser’s beam spot width (as long strip) to wave length were ≈ 1.8–2.2. The more informative parameter to find crack with small width (≈ 0.5mm) was the acoustical pulse spectrum or the pulse entrance part. Thus, the further increasing of the surface flaw detection may be realized by laser simulation of the surface waves controlling the form of the moving spot of laser beam. New possibilities to increase sensitivity and reliability of ultrasonic evaluation surfaces in objects with complicated profile and fare accessible places are to be arise.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>импульсно-лазерное излучение</kwd><kwd>поверхностные волны</kwd><kwd>пьезопреобразователь</kwd><kwd>трещина</kwd><kwd>пора</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>impulse-laser radiation</kwd><kwd>surface waves</kwd><kwd>ultrasound probe</kwd><kwd>crack</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Белорусский республиканский фонд фундаментальных исследований (проект Т15- 163)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Belarusian Republic Fond of Fundamental Researches (project № Т15-163)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гусев, В.Э. Лазерная оптоакустика / В.Э. Гусев, А.А. 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