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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pimi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Приборы и методы измерений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Devices and Methods of Measurements</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-9506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2220-9506-2026-17-2-141-150</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pimi-1049</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Методы измерений, контроля, диагностики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Methods of measurements, monitoring, diagnostics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комплексное влияние параметров системы зонд– образец на режим колебаний зонда и формирование биустойчивости в полуконтактной атомно-силовой микроскопии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Influence of Probe–Sample System Parameters on the Probe Oscillation Mode and Formation of Bistability in Tapping Atomic Force Microscopy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абетковская</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abetkovskaia</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки:Абетковская С. О.Институт теплои массообмена имени А.В. Лыкова НАН Беларуси,ул. П. Бровки, 15, г. Минск 220072, Беларусьe-mail: abetkovskaia@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence:Abetkovskaia S. O.A.V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute of NAS of Belarus,Brovki str., 15,Minsk 220072,Belarus e-mail: abetkovskaia@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abetkovskaia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чижик</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chizhik</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юй</surname><given-names>Гуанбин</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yu</surname><given-names>Guangbin</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Cида, 92, Наньган, г. Харбин 150001, Китай</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Xida str., 92, Nangang,Harbin 150001,China</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапицкая</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapitskaya</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт тепло- и массообмена имени А.В. Лыкова НАН Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute of NAS Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Харбинский технологический институт</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Harbin Institute of Technology</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>141</fpage><lpage>150</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абетковская С.О., Чижик С.А., Юй Г., Лапицкая В.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абетковская С.О., Чижик С.А., Юй Г., Лапицкая В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abetkovskaia S.O., Chizhik S.A., Yu G., Lapitskaya V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/1049">https://pimi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/1049</self-uri><abstract><p>Включение полуконтактного режима атомно-силовой микроскопии не гарантирует реализации именно прерывисто-контактного взаимодействия: в зависимости от сочетания параметров система зонд–образец может вместо этого проявлять бесконтактное (притягивающее) либо смешанное поведение. Последнее является нежелательным из-за нестабильности сканирования, известной как биустойчивость колебаний зонда. Целью данной работы являлось выявление влияния каждого из комплекса параметров зонда (изгибная жёсткость и добротность), образца (модуль Юнга, постоянная Гамакера) и сканирования (амплитуда колебаний пьезогенератора) на реализацию биустойчивого режима взаимодействия, а также нахождение условий достижения стабильного полуконтактного взаимодействия зонда и образца. Решалось уравнение колебаний острия зонда с учётом упруго-адгезионного контакта зонда и образца по модели Джонсона–Кенделла–Робертса. Получены зависимости характеристик динамического взаимодействия зонда и образца от расстояния между зондом и образцом. Зависимости проанализированы на предмет переключения между отталкивающим и притягивающим режимами взаимодействия. Результаты наглядно демонстрируют, какой из режимов динамического взаимодействия реализуется при том или ином сочетании параметров, и применимы на практике для выбора зондов. Получены закономерности: упругий (собственно полуконтактный) режим взаимодействия реализуется при повышении амплитуды колебаний пьезоэлемента, более высоких значениях жёсткости и добротности зонда, модуля Юнга материала образца и/или при более низких значениях постоянной Гамакера образца. Более высокие значения постоянной Гамакера и/или меньшие значения остальных параметров приводят к смешанному режиму взаимодействия. При еще более высокой постоянной Гамакера и дальнейшем снижении величин других параметров возможна реализация адгезионного режима (бесконтактная атомно-силовой микроскопия).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Engaging the tapping mode in atomic force microscopy does not guarantee intermittent-contact interaction; depending on the parameters combination, the probe–sample system may instead exhibit non-contact (attractive) or mixed behavior. The mixed mode is undesirable due to scanning instability, known as bi-stability of probe oscillations. Aim of this work was to identify influence of probe (spring constant and quality factor), sample (the Young modulus, the Hamaker constant), and scanning (oscillation amplitude of the piezoelectric generator) parameters on the implementation of the bistable interaction mode, as well as to find conditions for achieving stable semi-contact interaction between the tip and sample. Еquation of probe tip oscillations was solved taking into account elastic-adhesive contact of the tip and the sample according to the Johnson–Kendall–Roberts model. Dependencies of the dynamic interaction characteristics of the probe and sample on the distance between them were obtained. These dependencies were analyzed to determine if there was switching between repulsive and attractive interaction modes. Results clearly demonstrated which of the dynamic interaction modes was realized with a particular combination of parameters. Conclusions are applicable in practice to choose probes. The following regularities were obtained. The elastic (actually semi-contact, tapping) interaction mode is realized with an increase in the amplitude of piezoelectric generator oscillations, higher values of the spring constant and quality factor of the probe, the Young modulus of the sample material and/or at lower values of the Hamaker constant of the sample. Higher values of the Hamaker constant and/or lower values of other parameters lead to a mixed interaction regime. Having even higher Hamaker constant and further reduction in other parameters, the adhesion mode (non-contact atomic force microscopy) can be realized.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атомно-силовая микроскопия (АСМ)</kwd><kwd>полуконтактный режим</kwd><kwd>модуль Юнга</kwd><kwd>постоянная Гамакера</kwd><kwd>биустойчивость колебаний зонда</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atomic force microscopy (AFM)</kwd><kwd>tapping mode</kwd><kwd>the Young modulus</kwd><kwd>the Hamaker constant</kwd><kwd>bi-stability</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of task 3.03.3 of the State Program for Scientific Research "Convergence-2025" for 2021–2025.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abetkovskaia SO, Chizhik SA. 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